In the BitTorrent file distribution system, a torrent file or meta-info file is a computer file that contains metadata about files and folders to be distributed, and usually also a list of the network locations of trackers, which are computers that help participants in the system find each other and form efficient distribution groups called swarms.[1] A torrent file does not contain the content to be distributed; it only contains information about those files, such as their names, folder structure, sizes, and cryptographic hash values for verifying file integrity. The term torrent may refer either to the metadata file or to the files downloaded, depending on the context.
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A torrent file acts like a table of contents (index) that allows computers to find information through the use of a BitTorrent client. With the help of a torrent file, one can download small parts of the original file from computers that have already downloaded it. These "peers" allow for downloading of the file in addition to, or in place of, the primary server.
Torrent files themselves and the method of using torrent files have been created to ease the load on central servers, as instead of sending a file to for request, it can crowd-source the bandwidth needed for the file transfer, and reduce the time needed to download large files. Many free/freeware programs and operating systems, such as the various Linux distributions offer a torrent download option for users seeking the aforementioned benefits. Other large downloads, such as media files, are often torrented as well.
A small torrent file is created to represent a file or folder to be shared. The torrent file acts as the key to initiating downloading of the actual content. Someone interested in receiving the shared file or folder first obtains the corresponding torrent file, either by directly downloading it or by using a magnet link. The user then opens that file in a BitTorrent client, which automates the rest of the process. In order to learn the internet locations of peers who may be sharing pieces, the client connects to the trackers named in the torrent file, and/or achieves a similar result through the use of distributed hash tables. Then the client connects directly to the peers in order to request pieces and otherwise participate in a swarm. The client may also report progress to trackers, to help the tracker with its peer recommendations.
A torrent is uniquely identified by an infohash, a SHA-1 hash calculated over the contents of the info dictionary in bencode form. Changes to other portions of the torrent does not affect the hash. This hash is used to identify the torrent to other peers via DHT and to the tracker. It is also used in magnet links.
A torrent file can also contain additional metadata defined in extensions to the BitTorrent specification.[2] These are known as "BitTorrent Enhancement Proposals." Examples of such proposals include metadata for stating who created the torrent, and when.
The specification recommends that nodes "should be set to the K closest nodes in the torrent generating client's routing table. Alternatively, the key could be set to a known good node such as one operated by the person generating the torrent."
This feature is very commonly used by open source projects offering software downloads. Web seeds allow smart selection and simultaneous use of mirror sites, P2P or HTTP(S), by the client. Doing so reducing the load on the project's servers while maximizing download speed. MirrorBrain [de] automatically generates torrents with web seeds.
Private torrents are to be used with a private tracker. Such a tracker restricts access to torrents it tracks by checking the peer's IP, refusing to provide a peer list if the IP is unknown. The peer itself is usually registered to the tracker via a gated online community; the private tracker typically also keep statistics of data transfer for use in the community.
Decentralized methods like DHT, PeX, LSD are disabled to maintain the centralized control. A private torrent can be manually edited to remove the private flag, but doing so will change the info-hash (deterministically), forming a separate "swarm" of peers. On the other hand, changing the tracker list will not change the hash. The flag does not offer true privacy, instead operating as a gentlemen's agreement.
BTDigg is the first Mainline DHT search engine.[2][3][4] It participated in the BitTorrent DHT network, supporting the network and making correspondence between magnet links and a few torrent attributes (name, size, list of files) which are indexed and inserted into a database. For end users, BTDigg provides a full-text database search via a Web interface. The web part of its search system retrieved proper information by a user's text query. The Web search supported queries in European and Asian languages. The project name was an acronym of BitTorrent Digger (in this context, digger means a treasure-hunter).[5] It went offline in June 2016, reportedly due to index spam.[6] The site returned later in 2016 at a dot-com domain, went offline again, and is now online.[7][citation needed] The btdig.com site has its torrent crawler's source code listed on GitHub, dhtcrawler2.
BTDigg was created as a DHT search engine for free content for the BitTorrent network. The web part of the BTDigg search system provides magnet links and partial torrent information (name, list of files, size) from the database. The returned results are based on a user's text query. BTDigg's DHT search engine links two subjects that are partial information from a torrent and a magnet link, similar to the process of linking the content of a web page with a page URL. BTDigg also provides API for third-party applications.[2]
BTDigg Web interface supports English, Russian, Portuguese languages. Users can customize search results by choosing proper sort order in the web interface. Additional features are search API, API popularity, plugins for μTorrent and qBittorrent clients, Web browser OpenSearch plugin (for Internet Explorer, Google Chrome). API popularity gives a picture of changing popularity for a torrent in the BitTorrent DHT network.
BTDigg provides decentralization of torrent index database creation, and the ability to show distributed ratings provided by users via μTorrent.[8] There is no guarantee about content because BTDigg does not analyze nor store content. BTDigg is not a tracker because it does not participate in nor coordinate the BitTorrent swarm. It is not a BitTorrent Index because it does not store and does not maintain a static list of torrents.[9][10]
If you have made a RAR archvie a few years ago, and recently you want to unrar it but noticed that you've forgotten the password of it, what could you do? I bet you are searching possible methods to break the password here and there. Have you found a way that how to crack WinRAR password successfully? In this article, we will tell you whether it is possible to crack RAR password and how to do it.
It is a tough question asked by so many people. While googling, you may find that some people say that you can crack RAR/WinRAR password, others say that it is an impossible mission. Actually, there are several ways of cracking RAR password in this world with advanced technology. They vary in terms of efficiency and ease of use. You can check out the below options and choose one according to your current circumstances and needs.
The most effective and recommended method to unlock RAR password is using a professional RAR password breaker. Passper for RAR is absolutely what you need. This tool is rewarded as the fastest RAR password recovery tool in the market according to our test, which can check 10000 passwords every second. Moreover, with the intuitive interface, it is pretty easy to use. Only 2 steps needed, you can crack the password and open the locked RAR file effortlessly. Below are more outstanding features of Passper for RAR:
Step 2After that, Passper for RAR will start password recovery. When Passper for RAR has found the password for your file, it will notify you and display on the screen. Next, copy the password and use it crack the WinRAR file on your computer.
In some cases, you may not want to install any software on the computer may be due to limited space on your computer or other personal reasons. Therefore, in such a situation you can use an online RAR password unlocker. One of the popular online service is Password Online Recovery. The most attractive feature of this online tool is that you only need to pay for successful decryption. Howevever, this online service does not guarantee the recovery rate of a powerful encryption. Here is a guide on how to use it:
Step 3: The decryption process will begin immediately. Now, you only need to wait patiently for the tool to break the password for you. Once your password is cracked successfully, you need to pay for it and then you can see the password.
Another method to crack WinRAR password is using the command line. But this method only works with numeric passwords and it takes a very long time. Below is how it works:
You may not know that Notepad can also be used to break RAR password on your computer. Please remember that this method might not work for every RAR archive, but you can still try it and it only involves short steps.
It is the simplest method, but the chance of success is relatively low. Guessing RAR password completely relies on password creator since only he/she knows which password is frequently used. If you are the password creator of the encrypted RAR archive, we have prepared some reminders for you:
As you have seen in this article, there are different ways to crack RAR password on your computer. So which one should you use? As always, the best method is whatever best fits your need (including password recovery rate, recovery speed, compability, data security) in any given situation. You can simply check out our comparison table and learn which method is the best. 2ff7e9595c
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